Who was طَالُوتَ Taalut ? מי הוא טאלות בקוראן

[2.247]

وَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيُّهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ لَكُمْ طَالُوتَ مَلِكًا ۚ قَالُوا أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ عَلَيْنَا وَنَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالْمُلْكِ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يُؤْتَ سَعَةً مِّنَ الْمَالِ ۚ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَاهُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَزَادَهُ بَسْطَةً فِي الْعِلْمِ وَالْجِسْمِ ۖ وَاللَّهُ يُؤْتِي مُلْكَهُ مَن يَشَاءُ ۚ وَاللَّهُ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ
And their prophet said to them, "Indeed, Allah has sent to you Taalut as a king." They said, "How can he have kingship over us while we are more worthy of kingship than him and he has not been given any measure of wealth?" He said, "Indeed, Allah has chosen him over you and has increased him abundantly in knowledge and stature. And Allah gives His sovereignty to whom He wills. And Allah is all-Encompassing [in favor] and Knowing."

According to scholars, this is Saul. We will analyze what this name means, and its origin. Let us first see who this prophet is, and who designated Saul as King of the sons of Israel.

[שְׁמוּאֵל א 1.20]

וַיְהִי לִתְקֻפוֹת הַיָּמִים וַתַּהַר חַנָּה וַתֵּלֶד בֵּן וַתִּקְרָא אֶת-שְׁמוֹ שְׁמוּאֵל כִּי מֵיְהוָה שְׁאִלְתִּיו
And it came to pass, when the time was come about, that Hannah conceived and bore a son. And she called his name Samuel, because I have asked him from Allah.

A first linguistic clue tells us that this verse was composed at the time of Ezra the scribe, the return from exile in Babylon, because of the use of the tetragrammaton יְהוָה instead of Elohim, from an older tradition.

According to the tanakh, the son's of Israel asked Samuel a King as leader for them :

[שְׁמוּאֵל א 8.5]

וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֵלָיו הִנֵּה אַתָּה זָקַנְתָּ וּבָנֶיךָ לֹא הָלְכוּ בִּדְרָכֶיךָ עַתָּה שִׂימָה לָּנוּ מֶלֶךְ לְשָׁפְטֵנוּ כְּכָל הַגּוֹיִם
And they said unto him (Samuel) : 'Behold, thou art old, and thy sons walk not in thy ways; now make us a king to judge us like all the goym nations.'

8.6
וַיֵּרַע הַדָּבָר בְּעֵינֵי שְׁמוּאֵל כַּאֲשֶׁר אָמְרוּ תְּנָה לָּנוּ מֶלֶךְ לְשָׁפְטֵנוּ וַיִּתְפַּלֵּל שְׁמוּאֵל אֶל יְהוָה
But the thing displeased Samuel, when they said: 'Give us a king to judge us.' And Samuel prayed unto Allah.

8.7
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל שְׁמוּאֵל שְׁמַע בְּקוֹל הָעָם לְכֹל אֲשֶׁר יֹאמְרוּ אֵלֶיךָ כִּי לֹא אֹתְךָ מָאָסוּ, כִּי אֹתִי מָאֲסוּ מִמְּלֹךְ עֲלֵיהֶם
And Allah said unto Samuel: 'Hearken unto the voice of the people in all that they say unto thee; for they have not rejected thee, but they have rejected Me, that I should not be king over them.

8.8
כְּכָל הַמַּעֲשִׂים אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ מִיּוֹם הַעֲלֹתִי אוֹתָם מִמִּצְרַיִם וְעַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה וַיַּעַזְבֻנִי וַיַּעַבְדוּ אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים כֵּן הֵמָּה עֹשִׂים גַּם לָךְ
According to all the works which they have done since the day that I brought them up out of Egypt even unto this day, in that they have forsaken Me, and served other gods, so do they also unto thee.

8.9
וְעַתָּה שְׁמַע בְּקוֹלָם אַךְ כִּי הָעֵד תָּעִיד בָּהֶם וְהִגַּדְתָּ לָהֶם, מִשְׁפַּט הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲשֶׁר יִמְלֹךְ עֲלֵיהֶם
Now therefore hearken unto their voice; howbeit thou shalt earnestly forewarn them, and shalt declare unto them the manner of the king that shall reign over them.'

Now let's see what his three names reveal, Samuel, Saul and Taalot.

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Morphosemantic

Samuel
We saw in verse above Samuel 1 1.20 "And she called his name Samuel, because I have asked him from Allah". Here the second clue that the verse is a forgery coming from Ezra and the scribes around him, because this is not the meaning of Samuel. This word is divided in 2 parts Sam or Sham and suffix EL, the U making the connexion with both part, so the meaning is The Name. Confirmed in these verses 3.4 וַיִּקְרָא יְהוָה אֶל-שְׁמוּאֵל וַיֹּאמֶר הִנֵּנִי (that Allah called Samuel; and he said: 'Here am I.') The verb used here it's to give a  Name on something or someone, and Allah called him again and again in verse 3.6 and 3.8, 3 times Allah called him Samuel. In verse 3.7 we learn that it was the first time Allah spoke to Samuel.
Samuel, related to the arabic اسم.

Saul
Second clue, the name Saul means The demand, so the one who recieve request or beeing requested. This is about verse 8.5 we saw above.
Saul, related to the arabic سأل
Here we have a proof that verse Samuel 1 1.20 is a later forgery, the verse beeing apply to the wrong person. It is not the meaning of Samuel in the verse, but Saul.

Taalot
A certain muslim tradition said that Saul was a tanner, and the tanakh says us that his father had various animals, donkeys. Both Tanakh and Qur'an say he has a particular stature, means tall and strong.
In hebrew, the word טַל is about imposition, beeing placed, to impose, to force. And this is what says the verse 8.11 till 8.18.
טַל, related to the arabic طلل with the semantical field of the fact to be placed on something, like the dew for the hebrew טַל or in arabic, but also the meaning of good state of condition طَلَالَةٌ Samuel 1 verse 9.2 And he had a son, whose name was Saul, young and goodly, and there was not among the children of Israel a goodlier person than he: from his shoulders and upward he was higher than any of the people.

The exegis of Qur'an verse 2.247 said that the word Taalot is not arabic, but أعجميّ means a confuse language and culture, not arabic, even if the hebrew language is closed to arabic one.

.

8.9
וְעַתָּה שְׁמַע בְּקוֹלָם אַךְ כִּי הָעֵד תָּעִיד בָּהֶם וְהִגַּדְתָּ לָהֶם, מִשְׁפַּט הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲשֶׁר יִמְלֹךְ עֲלֵיהֶם
Now therefore hearken unto their voice; howbeit thou shalt earnestly forewarn them, and shalt declare unto them the manner of the king that shall reign over them.'

8.11
וַיֹּאמֶר זֶה יִהְיֶה מִשְׁפַּט הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲשֶׁר יִמְלֹךְ עֲלֵיכֶם אֶת בְּנֵיכֶם יִקָּח וְשָׂם לוֹ בְּמֶרְכַּבְתּוֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו וְרָצוּ לִפְנֵי מֶרְכַּבְתּוֹ
And he said: 'This will be the manner of the king that shall reign over you: he will take your sons, and appoint them unto him, for his chariots, and to be his horsemen; and they shall run before his chariots.

And verse 8.19, they refused...

So, the meaning of Taalot seems to be applied for the duty to accept, imposed, for the sons of Israel, and Saul was the figure of this duty.

Because it's about etymology, see also the semitic origin of the english word tall.